population and social development

Population and social development are interrelated.
Population explosion leads to social problems like unemployment, poverty, low economic development etc.The social development which is determined by better health care facilities, education and high literacy rate and improvement in the standard of living of people are adversely affected due to high population. The benefits of government schemes do not reach the masses. A vast share of GDP is required to keep the level of per capita income constant. The weaker sections of the population do not get the share of the development.

For an equitable social development government should aim not only at controlling the unregulated human growth of numerical strength but also at checking the unregulated movement of the population and increasing concentration of people in the urbanized areas and providing adequate living space and other facilites.These goals have to be jointly linked with the formulation and implementation of policies aimed at population regulation and planning for harnessing both natural and human resources. Thus only population growth per se may not be perceived as a problem but its relation with the availability of resources may be viewed with great concern.

Causes of Population growth
i. There is a widening gap between birth and death rates.
ii. Better medical facilities and application.
iii. Improvement in transport facilities helps people to reach the medical and health facilities.
iv. Social factors like child marriage and early marriage.
v. Lack and adoption of family planning measures.
vi. Illiteracy

Consequences of population explosion
i. Heavy pressure on land.
ii. Food shortage.
iii.Housing problems.
iv. Unemployment
v. Illiteracy
vi. Economic loss
vii.Rate of economic development has been affected.
viii.Law and order problems.
ix. Emergence of slums and overburden of resources.
x. Lower standard of living
xi. Pollution problem
xii Shrinking of national resources.

Suggestions to lower the population growth
i. Emphasis on female literacy
ii. Adoption of family planning measures.
iii. Educating people through mass -media.
iv. Improvement in the quality of health and family welfare services.
v. Empowering women as decision makers.
vi. Coordination between states and the centers for the implementation of the population control policies.

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